View Journal B-cell responses to ITP treatments.

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B-cell responses to ITP treatments.

Abstract

Deficiency in regulatory B cells has been suggested in immune thrombocytopenia. In this study, Stimpson et al. emphasize the importance of considering the treatments received for immunological analyses. Commentary on: Stimpson et al. Systemic immunosuppression depletes peripheral blood regulatory B cells in patients with immune thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 2023 (Online ahead of print). doi: 10.1111/bjh.19144.

Authors (2) : Etienne Crickx, Matthieu Mahévas

Source : British journal of haematology

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1111/bjh.19199
ISSN	1365-2141
Volume

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Download Journal Two cases of Dupilumab responsive Kimura disease.

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Two cases of Dupilumab responsive Kimura disease.

Abstract

Kimura disease (KD) is a rare, chronic angio-lymphoproliferative inflammatory disease appearing to be mostly restricted to the skin and soft tissue. Cutaneous involvement of KD includes head and/or neck nodules showing suggestive histological features, frequently associated with atopic dermatitis-like or prurigo-like presentation. KD is challenging to treat, with high rate of recurrence using current therapeutical strategies. Evidence for a type-2 immunity (Th2) involvement in KD pathogenesis has been found in previous studies. Consequently, this study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of dupilumab, a human monoclonal antibody inhibiting the Th2-key interleukine-4 and -13 signalling, within a single-centre cohort of cutaneous KD.Two adults with a diagnosis of refractory (failure of at least one treatment line) cutaneous-restricted KD based on clinical, biological, histological, molecular and imaging findings received dupilumab for KD and showed dramatic response and a g ood safety profile.

Authors (11) : Gilles Battesti, Marie Jachiet, Clémence Lepelletier, Antoine Petit, Marie-Dominique Vignon-Pennamen, Charles Cassius, Adèle de Masson, Maxime Battistella, Martine Bagot, Jean David Bouaziz, Thibault Mahévas

Source : Clinical and experimental dermatology

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1093/ced/llad455
ISSN	1365-2230
Volume

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View Clinical Characteristics of Lichen Amyloidosis Associated with Atopic Dermatitis: A Single Center, Retrospective Study.

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Clinical Characteristics of Lichen Amyloidosis Associated with Atopic Dermatitis: A Single Center, Retrospective Study.

Abstract

Lichen amyloidosis is a chronic pruritic skin disorder associated with atopic dermatitis, however, the pathogenetic link between these two conditions remains to be elucidated. Only limited research has been performed on patients diagnosed with both pruritic dermatological conditions. This study aimed to analyze the clinical features of lichen amyloidosis associated with atopic dermatitis. We conducted a matched case-control study of incident lichen amyloidosis with atopic dermatitis between March 2020 and February 2022. Among the 2,481 patients with atopic dermatitis, 20 patients diagnosed with lichen amyloidosis and atopic dermatitis were included as case patients, and 20 patients diagnosed with atopic dermatitis were enrolled as controls. The controls were matched to cases (1:1) by age and sex. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients. The prevalence of lichen amyloidosis associated with atopic dermatitis was approximately 0.8%, with a male:female sex ra tio of 2.33:1. The recorded onset of lichen amyloidosis associated with atopic dermatitis was more common in adult patients, with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Lichen amyloidosis lesions in patients with atopic dermatitis were most commonly found on the extremities, sparing the head and neck region. The presence of lichen amyloidosis had no significant impact on severity of atopic dermatitis. In patients with lichen amyloidosis associated with atopic dermatitis, the clinical manifestations of lesions are similar to those of conventional lichen amyloidosis lesions in terms of morphology and regional distribution. Further research is required to elucidate the link between the pathogenesis of these two pruritic dermatological conditions.

Authors (3) : Seung-Min Oh, Hye-Jin Ahn, Min Kyung Shin

Source : Annals of dermatology

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.5021/ad.23.006
ISSN	2005-3894
Volume	35

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Download Journal Reactivity of observers' facial skin blood flow depending on others' facial expressions and blushing.

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Reactivity of observers' facial skin blood flow depending on others' facial expressions and blushing.

Abstract

Facial skin blood flow (SkBF) has attracted attention as an autonomic indicator because it influences facial colour, which informs others of emotional states, and facial temperature related to social anxiety. Previous studies have examined the facial SkBF in people experiencing emotions; however, facial SkBF changes in the observers of emotions are poorly understood. Our study clarified facial SkBF changes related to observing others' emotions by comparing the changes with other physiological indices. Thirty healthy participants (24 females; mean age: 22.17) observed six types of facial expressions (neutral, angry, and embarrassed expressions with and without facial blushing) and rated the emotional intensity of the other person. We measured their facial SkBF, finger SkBF, and cardiac RR interval as they made their observations. Facial SkBF generally decreased in relation to observing emotional faces (angry and embarrassed faces) and significantly decreased for angry expressions with blushing. None of the participants noticed blushing of facial stimuli. For the RR interval and finger SkBF, there was no variation depending on the observed facial expressions, although there was a general increase related to observation. These results indicated that facial SkBF is sensitive and reactive to emotional faces-especially angry faces with blushing- compared with other autonomic indices. The facial SkBF changes were not related to either RR interval changes or the intensity rating, suggesting that facial SkBF changes may be caused by vasoconstriction and have potential functions for our emotions. The decrease in facial SkBF may have a role in calming observers by preventing them from adopting the same emotional state as a person with intense anger. These findings clarify daily facial SkBF fluctuations and their relationship with our emotional processing in interpersonal situations.

Authors (3) : Naoki Ishikawa, Masato Asahina, Satoshi Umeda

Source : Frontiers in psychology

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1259928
ISSN	1664-1078
Volume	14

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Download Augmentation of single tooth extraction socket with deficient buccal walls using bovine xenograft with platelet-rich fibrin membrane.

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Augmentation of single tooth extraction socket with deficient buccal walls using bovine xenograft with platelet-rich fibrin membrane.

Abstract

Different techniques and materials such as bone grafts and bioactive agents have been used for alveolar ridge augmentation in extraction sockets with a defective wall, there is not a specific material or technique that has resulted in superior outcomes or prevented total bone loss. This clinical study aims to evaluate radiographically the effectiveness of using bovine xenograft with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane on vertical and horizontal alveolar ridge dimensional changes following tooth extraction that are complicated by buccal bone loss. This study was conducted in Egypt on fourteen patients with a single posterior tooth indicated for extraction. A preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan confirmed more than 50% loss in buccal bone in each tooth. Extraction sockets were packed with minced PRF clots mixed with a bovine xenograft. Each extraction socket was sealed by PRF membranes. CBCT scans, performed before tooth extraction and after 6 months, were used t o assess alveolar ridge changes both vertically and horizontally. There was a significant gain in the buccal and middle of the extraction socket bone height, recording 86.01% (6.33 mm) and 206.45% (9.6 mm), respectively. There was an insignificant bone loss in the lingual bone height and width, recording - 8.49% (-1.06 mm) and - 13.39% (1.05 mm), respectively. The results also showed a non-significant decrease in alveolar bone density (-14.06%) between pre-operative bone present apical to the extraction socket and newly formed bone inside the socket. Ridge preservation/augmentation techniques using a bone graft mixed with PRF and covered by PRF membranes in fresh extraction sockets complicated by the loss of buccal bone result in buccal bone augmentation and a reduction in horizontal and vertical ridge collapse after tooth extraction. The bovine xenograft in conjunction with PRF can be used immediately after extraction for ridge preservation, providing adequate bone width an d height for implant placement.

Authors (3) : Riham Mohamed Elbanna, Medhat Sameh Abdelaziz, Hesham Ebrahim Alameldeen

Source : BMC oral health

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1186/s12903-023-03554-2
ISSN	1472-6831
Volume	23

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View Ergosterol peroxide blocks HDV infection as a novel entry inhibitor by targeting human NTCP receptor.

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Ergosterol peroxide blocks HDV infection as a novel entry inhibitor by targeting human NTCP receptor.

Abstract

Hepatitis D virus (HDV), which co-infects or superinfects patients with hepatitis B virus, is estimated to affect 74 million people worldwide. Chronic hepatitis D is the most severe form of viral hepatitis and can result in liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Currently, there are no efficient HDV-specific drugs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel HDV therapies that can achieve a functional cure or even eliminate the viral infection. In the HDV life cycle, agents targeting the entry step of HDV infection preemptively reduce the intrahepatic viral RNA. Human sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (hNTCP), a transporter of bile acids on the plasma membrane of hepatocytes, is an essential entry receptor of HDV and is a promising molecular target against HDV infection. Here, we investigated the effect of ergosterol peroxide (EP) on HDV infection in vitro and in vivo. EP inhibited HDV infection of hNTCP-expressing dHuS-E/2 hepatocytes by interrupting the early fusion/endocytosis step of HDV entry. Furthermore, molecular modeling suggested that EP hinders LHBsAg binding to hNTCP by blocking access to S267 and V263. In addition, we generated hNTCP-expressing transgenic (Tg) C57BL/6 mice using the Cre/loxP system for in vivo study. EP reduced the liver HDV RNA level of HDV-challenged hNTCP-Cre Tg mice. Intriguingly, EP downregulated the mRNA level of liver IFN-γ. We demonstrate that EP is a bona fide HDV entry inhibitor that acts on hNTCP and has the potential for use in HDV therapies.

Authors (8) : Wei-Chung Chiou, Yi-Syuan Lyu, Tzu-Lan Hsia, Jui-Chieh Chen, Lie-Chwen Lin, Ming-Fu Chang, Meng-Shiuan Hsu, Cheng Huang

Source : Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116077
ISSN	1950-6007
Volume	170

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Download Journal Editorial: Current advances in paediatric bronchiectasis: from early childhood prevention to transition to adult care.

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Editorial: Current advances in paediatric bronchiectasis: from early childhood prevention to transition to adult care.

Abstract

Authors (3) : G B McCallum, J M Marchant, V Goyal

Source : Frontiers in pediatrics

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Editorial
DOI	10.3389/fped.2023.1336029
ISSN	2296-2360
Volume	11

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View Journal Endolymphatic Duct and Sac Decompression: A New Life for an Old Technique.

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Endolymphatic Duct and Sac Decompression: A New Life for an Old Technique.

Abstract

Ménière's disease is an inner ear disorder causing recurrent vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus. Diagnosis is based on the variability of the symptoms over time and absence of radiological abnormalities. Medical therapy is effective only in a small percentage of patients. Surgical strategies remain controversial. In this article, we revisit a surgical technique neglected over the years: endolymphatic sac surgery. Fifty-four patients affected by Ménière's disease underwent endolymphatic duct and sac decompression. According to the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery criteria, vertigo control was evaluated with follow-up at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years from the intervention. Hearing results were evaluated before the surgery and at 2 years of follow-up using the pure tone average. The results were compared with similar techniques of endolymphatic sac surgery described in the literature. According to the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Sur gery criteria classification, 2 years after surgery, 87% patients achieved complete control of vertigo (class A). The hearing remained stable in 93.5% of patients. The results appear compatible with other publications data regarding endolymphatic sac surgeries. The duct and endolymphatic sac decompression allows the control of vertigo and preserves hearing from the pathological effects of Ménière's disease. The revised technique allows the functional restoration of endolymphatic homeostasis.

Authors (7) : Fabrizio Salvinelli, Francesca Bonifacio, Carmen Bigliardo, Michelangelo Pierri, Valeria Frari, Fabio Greco, Maurizio Trivelli

Source : The journal of international advanced otology

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.5152/iao.2023.221025
ISSN	2148-3817
Volume	19

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View Panel on: "Terror at the gates: On psychoanalysis and fascism amnesia".

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Panel on: "Terror at the gates: On psychoanalysis and fascism amnesia".

Abstract

Authors (1) : Noëlle McAfee

Source : The International journal of psycho-analysis

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1080/00207578.2023.2256148
ISSN	1745-8315
Volume	104

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Download Journal Developmental roles of glomerular epithelial protein-1 in mice molar morphogenesis.

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Developmental roles of glomerular epithelial protein-1 in mice molar morphogenesis.

Abstract

Glomerular epithelial protein-1 (Glepp1), a R3 subtype family of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases, plays important role in the activation of Src family kinases and regulates cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In this study, we firstly examined the functional evaluation of Glepp1 in tooth development and morphogenesis. The precise expression level and developmental function of Glepp1 were examined by RT-qPCR, in situ hybridization, and loss and gain of functional study using a range of in vitro organ cultivation methods. Expression of Glepp1 was detected in the developing tooth germs in cap and bell stage of tooth development. Knocking down Glepp1 at E13 for 2 days showed the altered expression levels of tooth development-related signaling molecules, including Bmps, Dspp, Fgf4, Lef1, and Shh. Moreover, transient knock down of Glepp1 revealed alterations in cellular physiology, examined by the localization patterns of Ki67 an d E-cadherin. Similarly, knocking down of Glepp1 showed disrupted enamel rod and interrod formation in 3-week renal transplanted teeth. In addition, due to attrition of odontoblastic layers, the expression signals of Dspp and the localization of NESTIN were almost not detected after knock down of Glepp1; however, their expressions were increased after Glepp1 overexpression. Thus, our results suggested that Glepp1 plays modulating roles during odontogenesis by regulating the expression levels of signaling molecules and cellular events to achieve the proper structural formation of hard tissue matrices in mice molar development.

Authors (23) : Sanjiv Neupane, Yam Prasad Aryal, Hee-Jin Kwak, Sung-Gwon Lee, Tae-Young Kim, Elina Pokharel, Ji-Youn Kim, Jung-Hyeuk Kim, Wern-Joo Sohn, Seo-Young An, Chang-Hyeon An, Jae-Kwang Jung, Jung-Hong Ha, Hitoshi Yamamoto, Sung-Won Cho, Sanggyu Lee, Youngkyun Lee, Kwang-Kyun Park, Bong-Ki Min, Chungoo Park, Tae-Yub Kwon, Sung-Jin Cho, Jae-Young Kim

Source : Cell and tissue research

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1007/s00441-023-03841-y
ISSN	1432-0878
Volume

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View [Neurological complications after covid-19 vaccination].

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[Neurological complications after covid-19 vaccination].

Abstract

The aim of our work was to study the relevance and incidence of neurological post-vaccination complications during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the results of a systematic literature search of several databases, the current review describes the diagnosed complications, including neurological, that occurred after the administration of the COVID-19 vaccine during the pandemic period. To fully establish the pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of a causal relationship of neurological complications with vaccines against COVID-19, it becomes necessary to continue long-term studies. This will make it possible to carry out a pharmacological correction of the quality of vaccine safety.

Authors (3) : K M Khalimova, N S Rashidova, J J Salimjonov

Source : Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Review
DOI	10.17116/jnevro202312312113
ISSN	1997-7298
Volume	123

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Download The effects of remdesivir on mortality and the requirement for mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review stratified by disease severity.

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The effects of remdesivir on mortality and the requirement for mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review stratified by disease severity.

Abstract

The effectiveness of remdesivir treatment in reducing mortality and the requirement for mechanical ventilation (MV) remains uncertain, as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have produced conflicting results. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and other data resources to find RCTs published prior to April 10, 2023. The selection of studies, assessment of risk of bias, and meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and the need to initiate MV. A total of 5,068 articles were screened, from eight RCTs comprising 11,945 patients. The meta-analysis found that, compared to standard care or placebo, remdesivir treatment provided no significant all-cause mortality benefit (pooled risk ratio [RR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85-1.02; 8 studies; high certainty evidence), while subgroup analyses revealed a trend towards reduced mortality among patients requiring oxygen but no t MV (pooled RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.77-1.00; 6 studies; I2 = 4%). The need to initiate MV (pooled RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59-0.94; 7 studies; moderate certainty evidence) in remdesivir-treated patients was also reduced compared to controls. Remdesivir significantly increased clinical improvement and discharge and significantly reduced serious adverse events. In this systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs, it was found that remdesivir treatment did not show a substantial decrease in the risk of mortality. However, it was linked to a reduction in the necessity for additional ventilatory support, suggesting remdesivir could be beneficial for COVID-19 patients, particularly those who are not on MV.

Authors (6) : Seungeun Ryoo, Miyoung Choi, Su-Yeon Yu, Young Kyung Yoon, Kyungmin Huh, Eun-Jeong Joo

Source : The Korean journal of internal medicine

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.3904/kjim.2023.357
ISSN	2005-6648
Volume

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Download Journal Rapid detection of Salmonella typhimurium by photonic PCR-LFIS dual mode visualization.

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Rapid detection of Salmonella typhimurium by photonic PCR-LFIS dual mode visualization.

Abstract

Salmonella spp., as one of the foodborne pathogens, is a severe threat to global public health. Rapid screening of salmonella spp. in contaminated food with low infective doses is the key to preventing food poisoning. In this study, a fast visualization method for detecting Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) was developed based on photonic PCR and AuNPs lateral-flow immunochromatography strip (LFIS). In addition, quantitative detection of target bacteria could be achieved by utilizing the photothermal effect of AuNPs, and the sensitivity could be improved by amplifying the photothermal signal. On the optimized conditions, the developed photonic PCR-LFIS assay was highly sensitive, with a detection limit as low as 19 cfu mL-1 of bacteria in pure culture after laser irradiation, and highly specific, exhibiting no cross-reaction with Salmonella enteritidis, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Notably, S. typhimurium could be detected in pork, egg white, and milk without pre-treatment, with the recovery rates of the three samples between 81 % and 109 %. In conclusion, the photonic PCR-LFIS assay realizes sensitive, simple, and rapid detection of S. typhimurium.

Authors (4) : Jianxin Gao, Yuru Jiao, Jianhua Zhou, Hongyan Zhang

Source : Talanta

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125553
ISSN	1873-3573
Volume	270

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Download Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation.

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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation.

Abstract

High-resolution retinotopic blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a wide-view presentation can be used to functionally map the peripheral and central visual cortex. This method for measuring functional changes of the visual brain allows for functional mapping of the occipital lobe, stimulating >100° (±50°) or more of the visual field, compared to standard fMRI visual presentation setups which usually cover <30° of the visual field. A simple wide-view stimulation system for BOLD fMRI can be set up using common MR-compatible projectors by placing a large mirror or screen close to the subject's face and using only the posterior half of a standard head coil to provide a wide-viewing angle without obstructing their vision. The wide-view retinotopic fMRI map can then be imaged using various retinotopic stimulation paradigms, and the data can be analyzed to determine the functional activity of visual cortical regions correspondin g to central and peripheral vision. This method provides a practical, easy-to-implement visual presentation system that can be used to evaluate changes in the peripheral and central visual cortex due to eye diseases such as glaucoma and the vision loss that may accompany them.

Authors (5) : Andre Galenchik-Chan, Diane Chernoff, Wei Zhou, Timothy Q Duong, Eric R Muir

Source : Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.3791/65597
ISSN	1940-087X
Volume

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Download Letter Regarding the Article, "Head-to-Head Comparison Between Recommendations by the ESC and ACC/AHA/HFSA Heart Failure Guidelines"1.

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Letter Regarding the Article, "Head-to-Head Comparison Between Recommendations by the ESC and ACC/AHA/HFSA Heart Failure Guidelines"1.

Abstract

Authors (3) : Laiba Amini, Samia Kazmi, Muhammad Junaid Patel

Source : European journal of heart failure

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Letter
DOI	10.1002/ejhf.3121
ISSN	1879-0844
Volume

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Download Journal Effects of hardness and dimension of pinna and auricular hematoma on detection threshold of cartilage conduction.

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Effects of hardness and dimension of pinna and auricular hematoma on detection threshold of cartilage conduction.

Abstract

In cartilage conduction (CC), a vibrator is presented onto the cartilage of the ear instead of the bony parts of the head used in ordinary bone conduction (BC). Because the auricle cartilage is softer and lighter than the bone, it doesn't require as much pressure as BC, which may cause discomfort (or pain) in the area where a BC transducer is being pressed. However, CC is a relatively new technology, and whether the less dense characteristics of cartilage, which varies from person to person, result in a better sound perception is still being studied. In this paper, we focused on investigating how the hardness and size of the auricle or pinna affect the effectiveness of CC. We used pure-tone hearing thresholds to evaluate this objectively. We also measured the thresholds of CC in subjects with auricular hematoma or "cauliflower ear" (misshapen ears commonly caused by close contact sports) to see if it affected CC differently. Our results indicate that the hardness and size of the auricle affect CC thresholds and that subjects with auricular hematoma have different perceptual characteristics compared to the normal ear group. These differences are believed to be caused by changes in hardness and mass.

Authors (4) : Akane Tamura, Irwansyah Irwansyah, Sho Otsuka, Seiji Nakagawa

Source : Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1109/EMBC40787.2023.10340462
ISSN	2694-0604
Volume	2023

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Download Journal Treatment of recurrent acute tonsillitis-a systematic review and clinical practice recommendations.

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Treatment of recurrent acute tonsillitis-a systematic review and clinical practice recommendations.

Abstract

There is an ongoing debate on the indications for tonsil surgery in both children and adults with recurrent acute tonsillitis. The aim is to provide practical recommendations for diagnostics and treatment for recurrent acute tonsillitis including evidence-based decision making for tonsillectomy. A systematic literature search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect from 2014 until April 2023 resulted in 68 articles. These were the basis for the review and a comprehensive series of consensus statements on the most important diagnostics and indications for both non-surgical and surgical therapy. A consensus paper was circulated among the authors and members of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group until a final agreement was reached for all recommendations. The differentiation between sore throat and tonsillitis patient episodes is mostly not feasible and hence is not relevant for diagnostic decision making. Diagnostics of a tonsillitis/sore throat episode should always include a classification with a scoring system (Centor, McIssac, FeverPAIN score) to estimate the probability of a bacterial tonsillitis, mainly due to group A streptococcus (GAS). In ambiguous cases, a point-of-care test GAS swab test is helpful. Consecutive counting of the tonsillitis/sore throat episodes is important. In addition, a specific quality of life score (Tonsillectomy Outcome Inventory 14 or Tonsil and Adenoid Health Status Instrument) should be used for each episode. Conservative treatment includes a combination of paracetamol and/or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In case of high probability of bacterial tonsillitis, and only in such cases, especially in patients at risk, standard antibiotic treatment is initiated directly or by delayed prescription. Tonsillectomy is indicated and is highly effective if the patient has had ≥7 adequately treated episodes in the preceding year, ≥5 such episodes in each of the preceding 2 years, or ≥3 such epis odes in each of the preceding 3 years. An essential part of surgery is standardized pain management because severe postoperative pain can be expected in most patients. It is necessary to follow a stringent treatment algorithm for an optimal and evidence-based treatment for patients with recurrent acute tonsillitis. This will help decrease worldwide treatment variability, antibiotic overuse, and avoid ineffective tonsillectomy.

Authors (8) : Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Katharina Geißler, Antti A Mäkitie, Ohad Ronen, Patrick J Bradley, Alessandra Rinaldo, Robert P Takes, Alfio Ferlito

Source : Frontiers in surgery

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.3389/fsurg.2023.1221932
ISSN	2296-875X
Volume	10

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Download Journal Impact of social support and religiosity/spirituality on recovery from acute cardiac events and heart surgery in a Swiss study.

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Impact of social support and religiosity/spirituality on recovery from acute cardiac events and heart surgery in a Swiss study.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of social support and religiosity/spirituality (R/S) on the recovery from an acute cardiac event or cardiac surgery during cardiac rehabilitation (CR). The study has a prospective design. A convenience sample of 159 patients participating in a CR program were enrolled. Religiosity/spirituality, social support, anxiety, depression, health related quality of life (QoL) and exercise capacity (6-min walk test, cycle ergometer test) were assessed. Social support was significantly associated with less anxiety (P < .01), less depression (P < .01), and better QoL (P < .05) on admission. After adjustment for age, gender, education level, and morbidity, social support remained significantly associated with less depression (P < .001). Religiosity/spirituality was significantly associated with less depression (P < .05), better QoL (P < .05), and better exercise capacity (P < .05) at admission. After adjustment for covariates, however, signifi cance was lost. There were no significant associations of social support or R/S with the course of CR measured by change in QoL or exercise capacity. Social support may be a protective factor against depression in the recovery from cardiac events or surgery. Neither social support nor R/S had a significant impact on the course of the 3-week CR program.

Authors (7) : Micha Eglin, Jean-Paul Schmid, Joram Ronel, Ramin Khatami, Christoph Leiggener, Harold G Koenig, René Hefti

Source : International journal of psychiatry in medicine

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1177/00912174231225801
ISSN	1541-3527
Volume

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Download Clinical characteristics and Prognoses of chronic subdural hematoma patients with and without head trauma: a retrospective comparative study.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of chronic subdural hematoma patients with and, clinical and experimental dermatology, clinical characteristics and prognosis of chronic subdural hemorrhage, clinical characteristics and prognosis of chronic subdural hematoma patients with and without, clinical characteristics and prognosis of chronic subdural haemorrhage, clinical and radiologic correlation, clinical and support options, clinical characteristics and prognosis of kidney, clinical characteristics and prognosis of chronic subdural hematoma patients, clinical characteristics and prognosis of chronic subdural hematoma patients with, clinical characteristics and prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, clinical characteristics and prognosis of pancreatic cancer, clinical characteristics of down syndrome, clinical characteristics and prognosis of chronic subdural hygroma.

Clinical characteristics and Prognoses of chronic subdural hematoma patients wi th and without head trauma: a retrospective comparative study.

Abstract

Head trauma is considered as the main cause of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). However, many patients develop CSDH with no identified cause. Herein, we conduct a comparative study to investigate the differences in clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of CSDH patients with and without a history of head trauma. We retrospectively reviewed CSDH patients who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital between January 2013 and December 2021. Patients were categorized into a with head trauma (WHT) group and a without head trauma (WOHT) group for comparative analysis. A total of 219 patients were included, 119 (54.3%) cases in the WHT group and 100 (45.7%) cases in the WOHT group. More cancer patients were found in the WOHT group than in the WHT group (P = 0.045). Both at discharge and 6-month follow-up, patients in the WOHT group achieved better clinical outcomes than the WHT group cases (P = 0.025 and 0.034, respectively). Furthermore, ordered multiclass logistic regress ion analyses indicated that a history of head trauma (odds ratio 2.151, 95% confidence interval 1.052-4.386; P = 0.036) was a risk factor significantly related to the unfavorable outcomes at 6-month follow-ups of CSDH. However, we did not find significant differences between the two groups in clinical manifestations, radiological characteristics, postoperative complications, mortality, and recurrence rates. CSDH patients with a history of head trauma may be more susceptible to unfavorable outcomes; thus, they should be carefully evaluated and given more attention during hospitalization and after discharge.

Authors (2) : Chengjun Wang, Cang Liu

Source : World neurosurgery

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1016/j.wneu.2023.12.055
ISSN	1878-8769
Volume

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Journal Relationship Between Facial Bone Dimensions, Orofacial Implant Position, and Esthetic Outcomes of Single-Tooth Implants.

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Relationship Between Facial Bone Dimensions, Orofacial Implant Position, and Esthetic Outcomes of Single-Tooth Implants.

Abstract

To investigate the association between the orofacial implant position distance (ID) and facial bone crest thickness (FBCT) in single-tooth implant crowns (STICs) placed in the esthetic zone and to predict the presence of facial bone above the implant shoulder, as well as its impact on Pink and White Esthetic Scores (PES and WES) and patient-related outcome measures (PROMs). In this cross-sectional study, all patients treated with STICs in the esthetic zone between 2006 and 2013 with at least 12 months postloading were invited to enroll. CBCTs were used to assess ID and FBCT. Esthetic outcomes included the PES and WES. PROMs included a participant satisfaction questionnaire with 13 questions formulated for this study. Descriptive statistics and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used. The associations between ID, FBCT, esthetic outcomes, and PROMs were calculated. Data were available for 60 implants. Mean ID was 2.02 mm (SD = 0.77). Mean FBCT at the implant sho ulder was 0.99 mm (SD = 0.98). FBCT was significantly associated with higher PES scores (P = .040), but not with WES scores (P = 0.149). FBCT was significantly associated with ID (P = .009), and implants positioned ≥ 1.6 mm palatal in relation to the adjacent teeth were likely to have higher FBCT. FBCT influences PES and is more predictable if implants are positioned ≥ 1.6 mm palatal in relation to the adjacent teeth.

Authors (3) : Shakeel Shahdad, Jamil Makdissi, Ana Gambôa

Source : The International journal of prosthodontics

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.11607/ijp.8052
ISSN	1942-4426
Volume	36

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Download A Torsion-Based Rheometer for Measuring Viscoelastic Material Properties.

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A Torsion-Based Rheometer for Measuring Viscoelastic Material Properties.

Abstract

Rheology and the study of viscoelastic materials are an integral part of engineering and the study of biophysical systems. Tissue rheology is even used in the study of cancer and other diseases. However, the cost of a rheometer is feasible only for colleges, universities, and research laboratories. Even if a rheometer can be purchased, it is bulky and delicately calibrated, limiting its usefulness to the laboratory itself. The design presented here is less than a tenth of the cost of a professional rheometer. The design is also portable, making it the ideal solution to introduce viscoelasticity to high school students as well as for use in the field for obtaining rheological data.

Authors (8) : Merrill Asp, Elise Jutzeler, Jakub Kochanowski, Katherine Kerr, Dawei Song, Sarthak Gupta, Bobby Carroll, Alison Patteson

Source : Biophysicist (Rockville, Md.)

Article Information

Year	2022
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.35459/tbp.2020.000172
ISSN	2578-6970
Volume	3

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View The burning truth about light therapy: a retrospective analysis of the MAUDE database on UV phototherapy and photodynamic therapy complications 2013-2023.

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The burning truth about light therapy: a retrospective analysis of the MAUDE database on UV phototherapy and photodynamic therapy complications 2013-2023.

Abstract

Phototherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are ultraviolet light (UV) based therapies for patients with skin diseases, and are sometimes associated with potential adverse events (AE)s, including erythema, pain, pruritus, burns, and photoaging. We investigated UV phototherapy and PDT safety using the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration's (FDA)'s Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database. The MAUDE database, including medical device reports (MDR)s informed by voluntary and obligatory reporters since 1991, was searched for AEs associated with UV phototherapy and PDT 1/1/91-3/1/23. There were 59 UV phototherapy and 33 PDT related MDRs. Burns were the most common AE type for both phototherapy and PDT. The majority of phototherapy AEs occurred during 2021 (52.3%), and were significantly more likely to occur at home than in the clinic. Overall, 76.1% of MDRs associated with home light boxes were prescribed by online retailers, most of the MDRs (59.3 %) mentioned that it is prohibited to sell phototherapy devices not prescribed by physicians, and only 8.5% noted poorly written home light box instructions. The COVID-19 pandemic prohibited in-person light treatments, and social distancing requirements may have resulted in increased frequency of home-based light treatments. Hence, while at home treatment may be easier and more accessible, in-office physician supervised UV treatments are associated with less frequent AEs. Moreover, some phototherapy MDRs reported poorly written instructions accompanying the home light box, and some PDT MDRs documented patients receiving inadequate education regarding the procedure. With the rise of at-home treatment options and the ease of obtaining devices on the internet, it is physicians' duty to advise patients against self-treating with home light boxes without prescribed treatment regimens and educate patients that are considering home phototherapy to ensure safer patient experiences.

Authors (2) : Samantha Jo Albucker, Shari R Lipner

Source : Archives of dermatological research

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1007/s00403-023-02765-5
ISSN	1432-069X
Volume	316

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View Intention and practice on personal preventive measures against COVID-19 among older adults in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: an epidemiological study using the Theory of Planned Behaviour.

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Intention and practice on personal preventive measures against COVID-19 among older adults in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: an epidemiological study using the Theory of Planned Behaviour.

Abstract

Older adults aged 65 years and above are among the most vulnerable to adverse outcomes and death following a COVID-19 infection. The weekly epidemiological updates by the World Health Organisation show that the continued emergence of concerning subtypes of the virus indicates that the pandemic remains a public health concern and the public should continue to comply with personal preventive measures (PPMs). This study applies the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) which is rooted in the field of Public Health, Epidemiology, and Preventive Medicine to Saudi older adults to predict their health behaviour. This behavioural epidemiological study recruited older adult participants aged 65 years of age and above. A tool which consisted of sociodemographic and health-related questions, as well as questions regarding the components of the TPB, namely, Attitude, Subjective Norm, Perceived Behavioural Control was used. Bivariate analyses, followed by unadjusted and adjusted multivariabl e logistic regression analyses were performed to derive odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The total number of participants was 502. The mean age was 70.34 years, with similar distributions between males and females. In total, 52.2% intended to practice PPMs, whereas only 48% had a good practice. Also, 56% had a favourable Attitude towards PPMs, 61.4% had a positive Subjective Norm and 39.8% had perceived they had a high control over their behaviour. Females, and high educational status were predictors for high intention to practice PPMs (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.01-2.52 and OR = 2.72, 95% CI = 1.44-5.16 respectively). Further predictors included Attitudes, Subjective Norm and Perceived Behavioural Control. Results also show that intention to practice was significantly associated with a lower odd of practicing PPMs (OR = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.04-0.10). Current findings highlight the need to continue with public health efforts targeting vulnerable older adult s. Also, the fact that intention negatively predicted practice highlights the need for further behavioural epidemiological studies addressing the intention-behaviour gap.

Authors (12) : Reem S AlOmar, Amal S AlHarbi, Layla A Abu Abdullah, Sarah M Almuqbil, Zahra S Albahrani, Hawra M Aldar, Fatimah S Alzouri, Manar A Al-Shiban, Nouf A AlShamlan, Marwa M Shafey, Assim M AlAbdulKader, Nijr S Alotaibi

Source : Frontiers in public health

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2023.1315443
ISSN	2296-2565
Volume	11

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View Opioid Analgesia Compared with Non-Opioid Analgesia After Operative Treatment for Pediatric Supracondylar Humeral Fractures: Results from a Prospective Multicenter Trial.

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Opioid Analgesia Compared with Non-Opioid Analgesia After Operative Treatment for Pediatric Supracondylar Humeral Fractures: Results from a Prospective Multicenter Trial.

Abstract

Minimal pain and opioid use after operative treatment for pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures have been previously described; however, opioid-prescribing practices in the United States remain variable. We hypothesized that children without an opioid prescription would report similar postoperative pain compared with children prescribed opioids following closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP) of supracondylar humeral fractures. Children who were 3 to 12 years of age and were undergoing CRPP for a closed supracondylar humeral fracture were prospectively enrolled in a multicenter, comparative study. Following a standardized dosing protocol, oxycodone, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen were prescribed at 2 hospitals (opioid cohort), and 2 other hospitals prescribed ibuprofen and acetaminophen alone (non-opioid cohort). The children's medication use and the daily pain that they experienced (scored on the Wong-Baker FACES Scale) were recorded at postoperative days 1 to 7, 10 , 14, and 21, using validated text-message protocols. Based on an a priori power analysis, at least 64 evaluable subjects were recruited per cohort. A total of 157 patients were evaluated (81 [52%] in the opioid cohort and 76 [48%] in the non-opioid cohort). The median age at the time of the surgical procedure was 6.2 years, and 50% of the subjects were male. The mean postoperative pain scores were low overall (<4 of 10), and there were no significant differences in pain ratings between cohorts at any time point. No patient demographic or injury characteristics were correlated with increased pain or medication use. Notably, of the 81 patients in the opioid cohort, 28 (35%) took no oxycodone and 40 (49%) took 1 to 3 total doses across the postoperative period. Patients rarely took opioids after postoperative day 2. A single patient in the non-opioid cohort (1 [1%] of 76) received a rescue prescription of opioids after presenting to the emergency department with postoperative cast dis comfort. Non-opioid analgesia following CRPP for pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures was equally effective as opioid analgesia. When oxycodone was prescribed, 84% of children took 0 to 3 total doses, and opioid use fell precipitously after postoperative day 2. To improve opioid stewardship, providers and institutions can consider discontinuing the routine prescription of opioids following this procedure. Therapeutic Level II . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Authors (7) : Zoe E Belardo, Divya Talwar, Todd J Blumberg, Susan E Nelson, Vidyadhar V Upasani, Wudbhav N Sankar, Apurva S Shah

Source : The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Multicenter Study
DOI	10.2106/JBJS.23.00223
ISSN	1535-1386
Volume	105

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View Clinical and radiographic outcomes of a combined surgery approach to treat peri-implantitis.

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Clinical and radiographic outcomes of a combined surgery approach to treat peri-implantitis.

Abstract

Peri-implant infra-bony defects are difficult to treat, and data on the management of peri-implantitis are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a combined surgical approach to manage peri-implantitis: implantoplasty with xenogeneic bone grafting and a concentrated growth factor membrane. Two independent examiners analysed the medical records and radiographs taken before surgery and at the last follow-up. Data were analysed at the implant level; some patient-level data (age, sex, smoking habit) were also considered. Linear regression analysis with generalized estimating equations (GEE) was used to explore the effect of variables of interest (including marginal bone level (MBL)) on implantitis treatment success and resolution rates. The effect of the prosthesis type on postoperative clinical and radiographic parameters was also explored by GEE, with adjustment for age, sex, tooth site, location, follow-up duration, and implant length (model IV including all ). Thirty patients with 72 implants were investigated. The implant survival rate was 100% over a mean observation period of 3.3 years (range 2-11 years). The treatment success rate (bone loss <0.5 mm, no bleeding on probing (BOP), no suppuration, probing depth (PD) < 5 mm) was higher in females than males (50% vs 19.0%; P = 0.008). At the last postoperative follow-up, the MBL (1.51 ± 1.07 vs 4.01 ± 1.13 mm), PD (3.61 ± 0.84 vs 6.54 ± 1.01 mm), and BOP (23.38 ± 23.18% vs 79.17 ± 15.51%) were significantly reduced when compared to pre-surgery values (all P < 0.001). Furthermore, a significantly higher PD reduction (β = -1.10 mm, 95% confidence interval -1.97 to -0.23 mm, P = 0.014) was observed for implants with a single crown than a full-arch prosthesis (GEE model IV). Preliminary clinical and radiographic data indicate that implantoplasty in combination with surgery could be an effective treatment option for peri-implantitis.

Authors (4) : P Jia, Y Tang, L Niu, L Qiu

Source : International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1016/j.ijom.2023.11.013
ISSN	1399-0020
Volume

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Journal Bone regeneration property of tooth-derived bone substitute prepared chairside for periodontal bone defects: an experimental study.

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Bone regeneration property of tooth-derived bone substitute prepared chairside for periodontal bone defects: an experimental study.

Abstract

Periodontitis often leads to progressive destruction and loss of alveolar bone, the reconstruction of which remains difficult in periodontal therapy. As a novel bone graft material, tooth-derived bone substitute (TDBS) processed from extracted teeth has been previously reported about its osteoconductivity and promising results in bone regeneration. This study was to investigate the biological effects and bone regeneration properties of TDBS in vitro and in vivo using rat periodontal bone defect model. Three groups of materials were used in the experiments: TDBS, TDBS treated with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (TDBS-E), and allogeneic bone materials. Calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ion dissolutions were quantified by spectrophotometer for seven days. The releases of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Human osteoblast proliferation, migration, and differentiation were detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, cell counting, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and alizarin red staining (ARS), respectively. Furthermore, the osteogenic effects of TDBS on periodontal furcation bone defects were evaluated at eight weeks postoperatively using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) and histological analysis. The dissolution of both Ca and P ions in TDBS increased over time. The BMP-2 released from TDBS was significantly higher than that from TDBS-E and allografts, while the TGF-β1 release from TDBS and TDBS-E groups was higher than that in the allografts. The TDBS-E group could induce the highest level of osteoblast proliferation compared to other groups. Cell migration with allografts co-culture was significantly induced compared to the blank control. However, all groups demonstrated similar positive effects on osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, in the periodontal model, all materials could effecti vely enhance bone regeneration in the furcation defect. The TDBS prepared chairside as an autogenous bone graft, demonstrating osteoinductivity, which enhances the osteogenic biological characteristics. Therefore, TDBS is suggested as an economical and biocompatible material for periodontal bone regeneration.

Authors (6) : Rui Zhang, Nisarat Ruangsawasdi, Piyapanna Pumpaluk, Quan Yuan, Yi Peng, Dutmanee Seriwatanachai

Source : BMC oral health

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1186/s12903-023-03582-y
ISSN	1472-6831
Volume	23

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View Journal Anomalous Posterior Branching of the Internal Jugular Vein: A Report of Two Patients.

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Anomalous Posterior Branching of the Internal Jugular Vein: A Report of Two Patients.

Abstract

The internal jugular vein (IJV) is an important vein encountered during most routine major head and neck surgeries. The IJV is known to infrequently present with anatomical variations, commonly duplication and fenestration. This report presents two cases that highlight an unusual anatomical variation of the IJV, namely the posterior tributary, which was encountered during neck dissection for papillary carcinoma of the thyroid and metastatic cervical lymph nodes. The first case was a 50-year-old woman with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid and regional metastasis, who underwent extensive neck dissection. During dissection, an anomalous posterior tributary of the IJV was discovered, originating around 3 cm above the omohyoid tendon-IJV junction. In case 2, a 40-year-old woman with a history of thyroidectomy exhibited a similar anomaly during neck dissection. In both cases, the posterior tributary was observed branching into two divisions. These cases emphasize the significance o f recognizing anatomical variations to avoid inadvertent damage during surgical procedures. Anomalies like the posterior IJV tributary could have implications for surgical planning, emphasizing the importance of thorough exploration and understanding of individual variations. Awareness of such variations will help facilitate surgeons in safely performing neck dissections.

Authors (4) : N Hage, K M Kappagantu, N K Singh, B Ramamourthy

Source : International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery

Article Information

Year	2023
Type	Case Reports
DOI	10.1016/j.ijom.2023.11.006
ISSN	1399-0020
Volume

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